We require a variety of energy sources to live and work. These include solar, wind and geothermal as well as biomass sources. In addition to being an important source of electricity, these sources can also be used for heat and transport. The main challenge with these energy sources is that they may cause greenhouse gas emissions when used to produce electricity. This means that there is a need for more sustainable sources of energy.
Fossil fuels are the most well-known form of energy. They include oil, coal and natural gas. They were created millions of year ago when prehistoric animals and plants died and were buried beneath layers of sedimentary rocks. If the conditions were right, these fossil fuels were slowly transformed into carbon-rich materials which, when burned create energy. These fossil fuels will not be renewable as they will end up being depleted in our lifetimes or over the course of many lives.
Renewable energy sources are constantly replenished. The sun is the most important source of renewable energy since it provides warmth and light. We use it to power our homes and businesses as well to drive our vehicles. Wind is a different renewable energy source, which produces electricity by spinning turbines. We have been using it since the first began to harness the wind for millennia. We utilize biological processes to create ethanol (a clear, alcohol-like substance that can be used for fuel) from waste and crops.
Hydropower is the most important renewable energy source in America, but biofuels and wind are likely to overtake it. Hydropower is based on nature’s water cycle to harness the power of fast-flowing water, which is used to generate electricity.